Method of making rollers for jute-slivering machines



H. P. GARLAND. G ROLLERS FOR JUTE SLIVBRING MACHINES.

Patented July 16, 1889..

N I K A 4 M mw MTA. Mm. 0 m N UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IIO\VARD PRATT GARLAND, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

METHOD OF MAKING ROLLERS FOR JUTE-SLIVERING MACHINES- SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 407,194, dated July 16, 1889.

Application filed September 10, 1888. Serial No. 284,977. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HOWARD PRATT GAR- LAND, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco andState of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin the Mcthod'of Making Rollers for Jute-Slivering Machines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improved method or process ofmaking,producing, or manufacturing wheels, disks, or rollers for use inmachines for slivering jute and other like purposes.

It consists, essentially, first, in producing a series of comparativelysmall or narrow wedgeshaped sections or segments of wood formed in sucha manner that the grain and fiber may run lengthwise of the sections,said sections being, when they are properly arranged in a circularmanner, suificient in number and correct in outline and shape to form acomplete wheel or disk; sec0nd,in intcrposing between anytwo adjacentwedge-shaped sections after the series have been arranged circularly inthe clamping device for the purpose of being compressed together to formthe wheel, or in inter-posing between the members of each of two or morepairs of adjacent sections one or 4 more extra sections above what maybe necessary to constitute a complete wheel; third, in compressing thesesections together to form the wheel or disk, the extra sections being bygreat pressure forced into the wheel, and thus a rigid, solid, and firmdisk or roller produced whose fiber is about as compact as that of theoriginal wood, and, furthermore, my improved method comprises certaindetailsin the making of the wheel, substantially as will behere inafterdescribed and claimed.

In proceeding to carry out my improvements and bring my method intopractical effect I first provide a suitable apparatus or device forcompressing and holding together the wedge-shaped sections in a circularform and arrangement and in such position that center plates or headsmay be conveniently applied and secured on both sides of the wheel.

I have represented in the accompanying drawings one form of press-chuckor clamping apparatus,which may be used for the purpose herein indicatedof compressing the segments or sections into the finished wheel. I am,however, not restricted to this form of apparatus, but show it by way ofexample only, and reserve the liberty of using any proper clampingmachinery which may be found suitable and effective.

In the accon'ipanying drawings, Figure l is a plan or top vicw of theclamping-press with a number of blocks in place. Fig. 2 shows the samewith the edges pressed up and the blocks compressed to form the circularwheel and ready to receive the heads or center plates. Fig. 3 is a sideview of one of the wheels. Fig. l is a detail view of one of thewedge-shaped sections or segments of which the wheel is constructed.Fig. 5 is an edge view of the finished wheel. Fig. 6 is a similar edgeview of the wheel in the condition shown in Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts throughoutthe different figures.

In constructing jute wheels or rollers in accordance with the principlesof my present method I first provide a number of wedgeshaped sections orsegments. These are preferably made comparatively small or narrow. Theyare cut, sawed, or otherwise fashioned out of pieces of wood having asuitable thickness. They are so made that the fiber or grain of the woodwill run lengthwise of the section, thus enabling the fiber to bepresented endwisc to that edge of the section which is to form theacting or operating surface or rim of the completed wheel. By thisconstruction the completed wheel will be best adapted to resist wear. Asufficient number of these sections will be made, when properly arrangedin a circular manner, to complete a wheel or disk. It will be noted thatthese segments or sections will be in length equal to the radius of acircle circumscribing the finished wheel, and are quite narrow inproportion to their length, such form being observed, as has alreadybeen indicated, so that the fibers of the wood may conform as closely aspossible to the radius of the circle of which the block is a segment.

considerably within wide limits without departing from the spirit ofthis invention. The

points of the wedging-sections will lie together at the center of thewheel. 'After I have thus produced a number of these wedging-sectionssufiicient to form a complete circle when they are properly arranged,they are ready to go within a press such as I have represented in Figs.1 and 2, (by way of example only, of

.course,) each one having been previously dipped in glue or otheradhesive mixture. This press or clamping device, which I have shown inthe drawings as suitable for use in pressing the blocks together andconfining them while they are being bound together by the glue and whiletheir heads are being applied to both sides of the completed wheel, isconstructed with two jaws or dies D D-one movable and the otherstationary-in a bedblock E. The movable partD is drawn away or movedtoward the fixed part D by the screws F F, suitable gearing and ahand-wheel H being employed to produce this movement. In practice the jaws areseparated, as shown in Fig. 1, and the additional space between the twopermits one or more segments over the number required to form the circleto be inserted.

The required number of segments to form a complete circle being nowarranged in the press, the next step would naturally be to operate thelatter and compress the segments to form the wheel. Before doing so,however, I interpose between any two adjacent sections an extrasection-that is, one more than is required to form the circle. Ifdesired, I may in terpose an extra section at more than one point in theseries of sections, thus using several sections more than are necessaryto form the wheel. In this use of one or more extra sections above whatis required to make a complete wheel resides one of the most importantfeatures of my present improved method, because by crowding these extrasections into the body and substance of the wheel I make it firmer andmore compact than would be possible if only the sections were used,which, when first arranged in-the press, seemed sufficient to make thewheel. The clamping press is now operated. If power is applied to aproper degree, the jaws will press all the blocks together and producethe desired circular shape. While the partially-finished wheel is inthis position in the press the plates or heads B B are placed in thecenter on opposite sides and fastened by nails or screws Z. These headsare formed of pieces of stuif laid together with the grain of onedisposed at right angles to that of the other. At the proper time thedisk or blank thus formed is removed from the clamp and the rim and edgefinished off in a lathe. The wheel is then given the form shown in Fig.5, besides being turned off to a taper, and the rim faced to have theproper degree of thickness and smoothness.

A wheel or roller formed in this manner can be used until it is worndown to the head or center plates, as its edge can be trued and turnedfrom time to time as often as it needs attention. Such a wheel will havegreater durability and do its work better than one in which the body isformed of sections of considerable size.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described improved method of making wheels or rollers foruse in juteslivering and similar machines, consisting, essentially, infirst producing a series of wedge-shaped sections or segments sufficientto form a complete wheel, then in interposing between any two adjacentsections an extra section, then in forcing the sections together, andfinally securing the sections together, to form a complete wheel,substantially as described.

2. The herein-described improved method of making wheels, disks, orrollers for use in machines for slivering jute and like purposes,consisting, first, in providing a series of narrow wedge-shaped woodensections having the grain or fiber lengthwise, said sections beingsufficient to form a complete wheel, then in interposing between any twoadjacent sections an extra section, then compressing all the sectionsfirmly together, and finally securing the sections together,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HOWARD PRATT GARLAND.

Witnesses:

VVALTER BAXTER,

81 lllurraygate, Dundee, Scotland, Solicitor.

ALEXANDER SHEPHERD,

81 lllu'rm-ygat'e, Dundee, Scotland, Law Clerk.

